Electromagnetic pumping device for pumping fluids



Oct. 6, 1953 A. RYBA g 2,654,324

ELECTROMAGNETIC PUMPING DEVICE FOR PUMPING FLUIDS Filed Sept. 2, 1950Patented Oct. 6, 1953 ELECTROMAGNETIC PUMPING DEVICE PUMPING FLUIDS FORI Anton Ryba, Bolzano, Italy Application SeptemberZ, 41950, Serial No.182,981 In Austria September 5, 1949 (c1. st-.53)

, 9Claims.

This invention relates to electromagnetic pumping devices for pumping agaseous or liquid fluid either with or without increase in pressure.

In particular, the present invention yrelates to ends, and the curvatureof the continuously 4curved `surface is so selected that the deflectedan electromagnetic pumping `device or compressor-V*j of the type inwhich electromagnetic means including a plurality of magnetizableconcentric portions forming one or two substantially continuous surfacesare disposed within a housing.

Each ofthe said surfaces may be inwardlycurved to form a shallow bowl.The concentric magnetizable portions coact with armaturemeans in form ofa flexible diaphragm which is supported along its periphery in thehousing in a position facing the continuous surface or surfaces andforms together with each adjacent, continuous surface a pumping chamber.Electric means are provided forenergizing the said concentric portionsintermittently so as to cause the diaphragm to oscillate therebyintermittently varyw ment of the diaphragm in opposite direction. An

electromagnetic pumping device of this type is more fully described inmy co-pending applica- `tion Ser. No. 46,377, filed on August 27, 1948:

With electromagnetic pumping devices of the general type, above referredto, the efficiency of the pumping action is substantially aected by theextent to which the diaphragm, when oscillating, can nest itself in thebowl formed by the aforesaid continuous surface or surfaces. As will beapparent, appreciable airgaps remaining between a fully flexed diaphragmand the respective continuous curved surface will adversely iniiuencethe magnetic force available for the attraction of the diaphragm and,hence, the power of the pumping action.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a novel andimproved mountingarrangement for the diaphragm and also-a novel andimproved conguration ofthe continuously curved surface which lattersurface together diaphragm can hug the same closely thereby preventingthe retention of appreciable local air gaps between thediaphragm and thesaid continuous surface.

Another object of the invention is to provide means by which the amountof pumping work rendered bythe outer portions of the electromagneticmeans is increased.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the invention willbe pointed out hereinafter and set forth in the appended claims formingpart of the application.

In the accompanying drawing a now preferred embodiment of the inventionis shown by way of illustration'and not by way of limitation.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic pumping deviceaccording to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a graph of the bending line of the diaphragm, and

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic circuit system for the electromagnetic means ofVa pumping device according to the invention.

Referring now in detail to the embodiment shown on Fig. 1, theelectromagneticpumping device according to this ligure is shown as adouble acting pump for pumping liquid `or gas.

. The pump .o comprises two casing or housing with the adjacent surfaceof the diaphragm l forms a pumping chamber. More specifically, thediaphragm is so arranged that, when deflected, it forms a twice flexedsurface the meridian cross-section of which is somewhat similar to theelastic line of' a loaded girder held at'both n halves 5 and 5 housingthe electromagnetic means of the device. These electromagnetic means areshown as comprising two sets A and By of concentricallyvarranged magnetmembers. Three members, generally designated by I, 2, 3 and 1, 8, 9 areshown for each set. Each of said members comprises an annularferro-magnetic core 2i) of substantially U-shaped cross-section. Theannular cores maybe ring-shaped, polygonal or otherwise shaped. They maybeV secured to the respective casing half by any suitable means such asrivets 4. The exciting coils 2l of the magnet members are inserted inthe open grooves of the cores and are embedded therein `in a mass of aninsulation material 22 of a type becoming very hard when dry., Thisinsulation mass together with the pole faces of the cores forms asubstantially continuous smooth surface in form of a curved shallow bowlas can be clearly seen on Eig. 1. This gure also shows that the Shanksof the cores are tapered toward the pole faces to providefor thegreatest possible flux density of the magnetic fieldsat or near the polefaces.

Thetwo halves 5 and 6, of the casing or house? 3 ing may be joined byany suitable means such as bolts and nuts I2.

The armature means, generally designated by D, are inserted between thetwo halves of the casing and positioned to face the two sets A and B ofthe electromagnetic means. The armature means are shown in form of aexible diaphragm which may comprise a single disc or be composed ofseveral thin discs or laminae. There are shown two outer full or coverdiscs 23 and-"24 made of ferro-magneticpr 'otherymagnetizable materialand two inner or filiing discs. 25` 'and 26 which may or may not be made@magnetizable material. The inner discs 25 and 26 are provided with aplurality ofpwradially spaced slots (not shown) each in registry withone :or holes 21 in the cover discs 23 and 24. Slotted plates la and I9respectivelyare fastened by means of a rivet 28 to the outside of eachcover plate. The slots'of Vplates I8"a'ndV i9 form a plurality offingers each covering one of theholes 21. As'will T bemore'fullyexplained later on, plates I8 and '519 together with holes-21 formvalves. Rivet 28 is preferably unround to prevent rotation of npilatesI8 and I9 relative to holes 21:V

The diaphragmdisc is held between the halves Aof the'casing yandiscentered in the casing by Vmeans of a centeringring I3. Two sealingrings 29 and 30 serve to prevent seepage of fluid between the casinghalves and the outside of cover plates 23 Yarid24. v

As can best' be seenon Fig. '1, the peripheral edge of the inner discsYof the diaphragm is ex- Atended'into'an'arinular channel I1 therebyper- 'mittingfiiui'd to iiow Vfrom channel I1 into the slotsoi discs'25and 26.- -Channel I1 communicates with an inlet iiange I6 which shouldbe visualized as being connected to a supply of fluid "to be pumped.

The diaphragm forms together with each adjacent' 'con'tiiuo'us surface'a `pumping chamber IB and Il respectively. Chamber I communicates witha discharge valve I4 and chamber II with a'dis'charge valve I5.' Each'discharge valve comprises a valve plate 3l pressed by a spring32"a,'gai'nst`-a valve seat. "The valve plates, when seated',v close abore A33 leading into the respective pumpin'g'chamber.

' y Accordin" tothe invention;the'peripheral rim portion of diaphragm Dvis held between parallel wairprnous35 and v31 formed by thefacing'sur- A'faces of'housing halves Sand As can best be A seen `on Fig. 2,`t hes`eparallel wall portions have `a radial Lwifdth ARQ' The parallel wallportions are continued by slightly slanted Wall portions 36' which formcontinuations of the aforesaid continuously curved surfaces and hencealso of the pumping chambers I0 and Il. A diaphragm thus held betweenthe halves of the housingex- -periences the intended double deectio-n asis clearly shown on Fig. 2. The slants of the aforementioned wallportions' 36 which in effect vform part of oneof the walls vof thepumping chamrbers "must of course be 'so selected that they radii Rm.The portion of the continuous suralso be so made that the direction ofcurrent isreversed in the coils of adjacent annular cores and that thedirection of the current flow in the v corresponding exciting coils ofthe upper set and inpthe'lower set`of magnet members is opposite.

`fisalresult, the magnetization of the diaphragm "during the alternateexcitation of the upper and lower set is not reversed and the ironlosses of the diaphragm are thus reduced.

Sitable'connecti'ons are shownfin Fig. 3:1 The ramrovv's-a. indicate thedirection of the magnetic flux for each annular core element, and themarks respective coil.' Y v f In'the circuit diagrarn,-A is'theupperfand is the lower set of. magnetv members;-ai`single cross)'indicate the'direction' oi'current inthe fphase' alternatingcurrent-generator is --designated by W; and G1 indicate the recti'ers inA'the one' phase net;` R andf S' aretheimain-lines 'from the generator;and AM-are cut-outiuses. The operation of the doubleV acting pumpingis'as follows: l Y

When'the'compressor is'connected to a circuit system according toFigfS;th'erectiflers (each "group of coils must be connected to 'a rectifier)Gland Gi let each pass onehalfy wave offthe device orcompressor,as-hereinbefore'described alternating =current". Accordingly during eachperiod of4 the current the lower and upper setfof v magnetmembers arealternately excited so that the magnetic'attraction forces thus createdv'pull the diaphragm alternately into opposite direc- -f tion?Consequently, the' diaphragm is viie'xed "toward thecurvec'l surfaceofthe excited setV of magnet members. vAt the same time a partial vacuumis formed inthe pumping chamber bounded bythe opposite-.face of thediaphragm sothati'gas or liquid is sucked throughft'heiannular-'"channelf`l1,' the radial slots of .the filling discs-25"andi 26 andthe' temporarily `uncovered vopenings 21. Theother valve plate,-ofcourse, remains pressed against the diaphragm. -lAs a result, uid issucked into the respective pumping chamber. If now the other pumpingcharnv-berhas been iilledV previously with fluid, this fluid-will pressthe'respective valve plate 3I away from its seat against the action' ofspring 32 so thatthe Ifluid isdischarged through the -respec--tive'discharge'valve'li or i5. The samecycle is repeated when the otherset of magnet mem- Let it be assumed that theupper set ormagnetmembersisexcited. Then,` the outer Vmarginal Azone of the diaphragml is rstattracted 'since the airgap is smallest in this `zone;` As a result; thecompression-of iiuid inthe respective pumping'chamber begins and theairgap is gradually'reduced'from theI e'xteriortoward the center as the'deflection of the diaphragm progresses. As 'the diaphragm is"'deflected,itexperiences'a double bending 'or curvature. Fig. 2 showsa meridiansection of a deflecteddiaphragm. The depth h` ofthe 'deflection is shownexaggerated 5 relative to niedia-meter of the'V diaphragm for purpose ofclarity. As will, be apparent, the double bending line of the diaphragmis caused by theprovision and configuration of the vwalls v35'and 31.`It is characteristic for the bending "lineaccording to Fig. 2 thattheairgap increases slowly up to the rst bending zone and then morerapidly. The I arrangement that the radius Rk of theroutermost magnet .Ymember l isV smaller than theY radius Rm of the pumping chambers l andIl has the advantage that the outermost magnet member, now facing acomparatively wide portion of the airgrap, produces a high portion ofthe total pumping work.

The invention has been illustrated in connection with a double actingpump but it is equally applicable to single acting pumps of the typehere in question as are described in the aforementioned pendingapplication and other` applications and patents of the applicant.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to acertain now preferred eX- ample and embodiment of the invention it willbe understood by those skilled in the art after understanding theinvention, that various changes and modifications may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended,therefore, to cover all such changes and modifications in the appendedclaims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In an electromagnetic pumping device for pumping a fiuid, incombination a housing, electromagnetic means within the housingincluding a plurality of ring-shaped magnetizable portions in concentricarrangement, adjacent face sides on one side of said ring portions beingdisposed in a special relationship s0 as to form a substantiallycontinuous inwardly curved circular surface, armature means'in form of aflexible circular diaphragm disposed within the housing so as to form apumping chamber between the diaphragm and the continuous surface, saidhousing having in its inner wall a peripheral recess defining oppositeouter wall portions disposed adjacent to said continuous surface andslanted so as to form substantially a continuation thereof, said recessfurther defining opposite inner wall portions disposed Vparallel to eachother, the peripheral rim of the diaphragm being extended into and heldbetween the parallel wall-portions of the inner recess portion, thecurvature of the continuous surface corresponding to the configurationof the diaphragm in flexed position, electric means for intermittentlyenergizing said concentric magnetiza-ble portions so as to cause vthediaphragm to oscillate thereby varying the capacity of the pumpingchamber, the said concentric portions, when magnetized, attractingadjacent corresponding zones of the diaphragm,

iiuid admission means arranged to communicate with the pumping chamberand to admit iiuid into the chamber upon oscillatory movement of thediaphragm in one direction, and fluid discharge means arranged tocoxnnunicate with the pumping chamber to discharge fluid vfrom a chamberupon oscillatory movement of the diaphragm in opposite direction.

2. An electromagnetic pumping device as defined in claim 1, wherein theslant of said outer wall portions of the recess walls is less than theslant of the adjacent portion of the continuous curved surface, therebycausing the diaphragm to experience a bending adjacent to the rim of '.6saidouterv 4recess portion and a second opposite bending at its centerwhen flexed.

3. An electromagneticpumping device as defined invclaim 1, wherein saidhousing is formed by two halves, said recess being formed'between 1vadjacent surfaces of said halves. f .f

e. An electromagnetic pumpingdevice asdelfined in claim 1, wherein thetotal width of Vsaid concentric magnetizable ring .portions correspondssubstantially to the diameter of said :continuous 'curvedsurface lessthe continuation thereof.

5. An electromagnetic pumping device as defined in claim 1, wherein thewall portions forming said slanted outer recess portion are made ofnon-magnetic material.

6. In an electromagnetic pumping device for pumping a fluid, incombination a housing, electromagnetic means comprising twoelectromagnets, each including a plurality of magnetizable ring-shapedportions in concentric arrangement, adjacent face sides on one side ofsaid ring portions being disposed in a spacial relationship so as toform one substantially continuous inwardly curved surface, saidelectromagnets being disposed within the housing opposite to each otherspaced apart, armature means in form of a flexible circular diaphragmdisposed within the housing so as to form a pumping chamber between thediaphragm and each adjacent continuous surface, said housing having inits inner wall a peripheral recess defining outer Wall portions disposedadjacent to said continuous surface and each slanted so as to form anextension of the adjacent portion of the respective curved continuoussurface and inner wall portions disposed parallel to each other, theperipheral rim of the diaphragm being extended into and held between theparallel wall portions of the inner recess portion, the curvature ofeach continuous surface corresponding to the configuration of thediaphragm in exed position, electric means for intermittently energizingsaid concentric magnetizable portions so as to cause the diaphragm tooscillate thereby varying the capacity of each pumping chamber, the saidconcentric portions, when magnetized, attracting adjacent correspendingzones of the diaphragm, fluid admission means arranged to communicatewith each pumping chamber and to admit uid into a chamber uponoscillatory movement of the diaphragm in one direction, and fluiddischarge means arranged to communicate with each pum-ping chamber todischarge iiuid from a chamber upon oscillatory movement of thediaphragm in opposite direction.

'7. An electromagnetic pumping device as defined in claim 1, whereinsaid housing comprises two substantially symmetrical sections joinedtogether and each being formed with a wall facing the corresponding wallof the other section, each of said facing walls including a portionforming together with the adjacent wall portion of the other sectionsaid parallel wall portions of the recess and a portion forming togetherwith the adjacent wall portion of the other section said slanted wallportions of the recess, y

8. An electromagnetic pumping device as defined in claim 7, wherein saidslanted Wall portions forming a continuation of said curved surface arealso ring shaped for forming together with the diaphragm said pumpingchamber, and wherein said diaphragm faces the continuously curvedsurface formed by the magnetizable portions and also the said extensionof said surface,

vouter diameter of the diaphragm.V r 9:"An electromagnetic pumping."device *.nedfin claim `8, wherein said slanted ring shapedthe-mxmumfouter 'diameterl ofv said ring shaped magnetizableportionsrxbeingf smaller than-the housng wall portions between themaximum outer diameter of the'magnetizable portions and the 'maximumouterV diameter of .saidextension of Vthefzcultved .surface arel'maideof Vnon-magnetic material. t. r z ANTON RYBA;y

' References Gtedlin the ,me o1 this patent Number -Nafme Dxvac'e ,61,380,442 Trumble Jlme {7,11-921 1,425,191 Garbarini Aug:,fk8,.-1$2REI'GN PATENTS A Nmber Y Country i Date U 1 '552,836 Germany Junegzli1930 mn., Y. \L e ""3

